Invasion and Recovery of Vegetation after a Volcanic Eruption in Hawaii (Appendix 3)

HAWAI`I VOLCANOES

Invasion and Recovery of Vegetation after a Volcanic Eruption in Hawaii
NPS Scientific Monograph No. 5

APPENDIX III:
Species Frequency (%) of Invaders During Years Following Eruption in Habitat 3 (Spatter Area With Snags). Data From 21 Quadrats of 10 X 10-M Size.


Species	Year	1 1960	2 1961	3 1962	4 1963	7 1966	9 1968

ALGAE
Stigonema panniforme Phyc H¹	52	67	67	100	100	100
Scytonema myochrous Phyc H	—	67	67	100	100	100
Anacystis montana Phyc H	—	—	—	100	100	100
MOSSES
Campylopus densifolius Br Ch pulv	—	19	19	29	95	10
Campylopus exasperatus Br Ch pulv	—	5	24	33	100	100
Rhacomitrium lanuginosum var. pruinosum Br Ch rept	—	—	5	19	67	86
Ceratodon purpureus Br Ch pulv	—	—	—	—	10	10
Bryum crassicostatum Br Ch pulv	—	—	—	10	5	5
Brachymenium exile Br Ch pulv	—	—	—	—	14	14
Ctenidium decurrens Br Ch rept	—	—	—	—	5
Rhizogonium spiniforme Br Ch rept	—	—	—	—	5	5
Trichosteleum lamatum Br Ch rept	—	—	—	—	5	5
Hypnum plumaeforme² Br Ch rept	—	—	—	—	—	19
Thuidium plicatum Br Ch rept	—	—	—	—	—	10
Macromitrium owaihense Br H	—	—	—	10	29	48
Ectropothecium sandwicense Br H	—	—	—	—	—	5
Isopterygium albescens Br H	—	—	—	—	—	5
Racopilum cuspidigerum Br H	—	—	—	—	—	10
LICHENS
Stereocaulon volcani L Ch	—	53	53	95	95	100
Cladonia skottsbergii L Ch	—	—	—	48	100	100
FERNS
Nephrolepis exaltata G rhiz	10	19	38	72	53	95
SEED PLANTS
Woody
Rubus rosaefolius² dCh frut	5	19	29	43	14	14
Rubus penetrans dCh frut	—	10	24	48	14	5
Pluchea odorata² dPN	—	—	5	10	14	14
Buddleja asiatica² dPN	—	—	24	33	86	76
Pipturus albidus dPN	—	—	—	10	10	10
Metrosideros polymorpha sPN	—	—	14	24	86	95
Vaccinium calycinum dCh suff	—	—	—	5	10	10
Vaccinium reticulatum sCh frut	—	—	—	14	38	57
Dubautia scabra sCh frut	—	10	29	43	29	43
Dubautia ciliolata sCh frut	—	—	—	—	—	5
Hedyotis centranthoides sCh frut	—	—	—	—	—	10
Grasses
Holcus lanatus² Ch(H) caesp	—	—	19	33	53	62
Paspalum dilatatum² Ch(H) caesp	10	19	33	57	5	5
Andropogon virginicus² Ch(H) caesp	—	—	5	5	10	14
Agrostis avenacea² Ch(H) caesp	—	—	—	—	—	5
Setaria geniculata² G rhiz	5	19	29	29	5	5
Pennisetum clandeseinum² Ch(H) rhiz	—	—	14	14	19	24
Sacciolepis indica² T caesp	—	—	—	14	10	5
Cynodon dactylon² Ch(H) rept	—	—	—	10	—	—
Sporobolus africanus² Ch(H) caesp	14	19	29	43	—	—
Sedges
Cyperus polystachyos² Ch(H) caesp	—	—	—	24	24	24
Cyperus brevifolius² Ch(H) caesp	—	24	29	10	5
Cyperus rotundus² Ch(H) caesp	—	—	19	19	5	5
Carex wahuensis Ch(H) caesp	—	—	—	—	—	10
Forbs
Eupatorium riparium² dCh frut	14	19	24	43	5	5
Cuphea carthaginensis dCh suff	—	—	10	5	5
Commelina diffusa² dCh rept	—	—	14	24	29	38
Lythrum maritimum² dCh rept	—	—	19	10	10	10
Epilobium cinereum² Ch(H) rept	—	—	—	14	19	24
Hypericum japonicum² Ch(H) scap	—	—	—	14	14
Epilobium adenocaulon² Ch(H) scap	—	—	—	—	14
Gnaphalium purpureum Ch(H) scap	—	—	—	—	—	5
Fragaria vesca var. alba² Ch(H) ros	—	—	—	—	—	19
Anemone japonica² Ch(H) ros	—	—	—	—	5	10
Geranium carolinianum² T caesp	—	—	—	14	5	5
Physalis peruviana² T caesp	—	—	—	5	5	5
Bidens pilosa² T caesp	—	—	—	—	5	5
Sonchus oleraceus² T scap	—	14	29	62	10	5
Erechtites valerianaefolia²	—	—	24	62	10	5
Conyza canadensis² T sem	—	—	—	—	14	5
Astelia menziesiana G rhiz	5	5	10	10	10	10
Hypochoeris radicata² G rad	—	19	29	62	43	71
Oxalis corniculata² G rad	—	—	—	5	5	5
Oxalis martiana² G rad	—	—	—	5	5	5
Cirsium vulgare² G rad	—	—	—	5	5	5
¹ Life-form symbols explained in Appendix VII. ² Exotic species.

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